Cooper's+Boom+and+Bust+Industry+in+Michigan

==== **__//Copper Industry: Boom and Bust in Michigan//__**====
 * **Caus****e of the copper boom in Michigan:**  major deposits of pure Copper are found in the Western Upper Peninsula, and prospectors saw the opportunity to seek fortune from the Copper.
 * **Describe the boom:**  Geologist [|Douglass Houghton]  reported on the copper deposits in 1841, which quickly began a rush of prospectors. As more and more mines opened up, Michigan became the nation’s leader in Copper production, up [|to 95% of the national Copper (up until 1881).]  The copper that was dug up in the Upper Peninsula was used in electronic equipment. As the nation became more and more technological, the demand for this copper shot up.
 * **Where was the boom:**  Mining took place along a belt that stretched about 100 miles southwest to northeast through [|Ontonagon] , [|Houghton] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">, and <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[|Keweenaw] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">counties.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**Who starts the boom:** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Isolated prospectors started the mines, but <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[|Douglass Houghton] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">is given credit for mapping out this region of Copper deposits.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**How the boom started:** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Various mines open up in the Upper West Peninsula, primarily the <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[|Central] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">, <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[|Cliff] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">, <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[|Phoenix, and Minnesota mines] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**Why the bust?:** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> The Great Depression closed several Copper mines in Michigan, and the post-WWII era brought rising prices which closed a great majority of mining companies <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 6.6pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; vertical-align: super;">[|[1]] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Also, a lot of the Copper was already mined out, so a lot of mining companies went under due to the lack of Copper in the area.


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**Where was the bust located:** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Upper West Peninsula, sadly where it all started at. Also, another important point to mention is that a lot of mines located in South America and other various points in the United States were digging up more gold than in the mines in Michigan, so competition from other mines and businesses called the decline.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**Who causes the bust:** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Not anyone in specific, mostly the actions of rising prices from government policies after World War II <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 6.6pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; vertical-align: super;">[|[1]] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Also, it could be blamed on the other mining companies creating so much competition, and forcing the prices to rise on the copper product.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**How did the bust start:** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Many companies fell under bankruptcy due to the Great Depression, and then due to the rising prices after World War II most of the companies could not keep up with the revenues and depleting amounts of Copper in the mines <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 6.6pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; vertical-align: super;">[|[1]]
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**What is left from the bust:** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Most of the native Copper has been dug up, but small amounts of copper sulfides remain. However, these materials couldn’t allow the companies to maintain business and demand <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 6.6pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; vertical-align: super;">[|[1]] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Also, there are various ghost cities created in the Upper West Peninsula due to the boom and bust of the Copper industry, mainly in the <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[|Ontonagon] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">, <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[|Houghton] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">, and <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[|Keweenaw] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">counties <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 6.6pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; vertical-align: super;">[|[2]]

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 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**What could have been done differently:** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> There probably wasn’t a lot that could have been to prevent this bust. The Copper resources would have depleted anyway, which would just simple destroy the industry in the state of Michigan. However, if there was more regulation on the increase of prices, the Copper industry in Michigan could have lasted a bit longer. The bust of the industry, basically, was predicted from the start.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**What lessons could be taken out of this:** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Industries that surround mining and obtaining / using natural resources need to prepare for the day that the natural resources will run out. Also, it is possible to find alternative resources or other methods to get the most out of the natural products. Example would be the “clean coal” push in the coal industry. It is difficult to be able to take a preventative step in these sort of industries, because these industries thrive on the natural resources and citizen have such a demand for these products that it is psychically impossible to keep up with demand but also to prevent forests, for example, from being wiped out.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 6.6pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: super;">[1] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="wiki_link_ext">[] - <span class="wiki_link_ext"> (Most of the information is located in the lower half of the passage) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 6.6pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: super;">[2] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[]

Rachael Sakowski's Additions The copper industry in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan became successful once it was discovered by prospectors. There were many different deposits across northern Michigan, providing many miners great opportunities to find copper in large amounts. A lot of money was made off of this industry for quite awhile, until the bust. During the time around the Great Depression, the economy suffered tremendously and copper resources in Michigan were beginning to deplete. Competition rose among other nations and continents that had copper deposits, making Michigan's copper business slip away. Now, there are only remains of copper found, but not enough to really mine. [|Copper Mining History]

Kyle Kantola's Additions- The mining industries had risen in places around Michigan too. Minnesota was originally named after a mine called the Minesota Mine. The mining bust caused a lot of "ghost cities" in Michigan where people had completely abandoned the cities after all the copper had been mined. When copper had it's biggest boom was when technologies that used electricity started to be created. It created a huge demand for copper.

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